Revealing undergraduate biology students’ conception of variability and error bars within graphing
Fig 5
Frequency of student responses to the dropdown question based on a student created graph within the GraphSmarts assessments.
The graph being analyzed is in the upper right corner for each stacked bar graph. A chi-square test was performed, and a single asterisk represents a frequency that was significantly lower than expected. Double asterisk represents a frequency that was significantly higher than expected. Bar (raw) is a bar graph created with raw data; N = 1071. Bar (ymean) is a bar graph with just means; N = 484. Bar (ymean + errorbars) is a bar graph with means and error bars; N = 391. Catscatter (raw) is a graph similar to graph 3; N = 205. Catscatter (ymean) is a graph with a dot representing the mean for each group; N = 73. Quantscatter is a traditional scatterplot with two numerical variables; N = 184.