Integrated environmental DNA analysis and population assessment revealed a biannual breeding season of the Korean clawed salamander (Onychodactylus koreanus)
Fig 2
Population survey of adults (A) and larvae (B), and environmental DNA (eDNA) detection of Onychodactylus koreanus at the first (C) and second (E) sampling sites over 14 months between April 2024 and June 2025.
The first site (D) was approximately 60 m inside the cave, and the second site (F) was at the cave entrance.