Effects of pentosan polysulfate sodium on joint structure and function out to six months in naturally-occurring canine osteoarthritis
Fig 4
Serum biomarker ELISA analysis.
Analysis of serum biomarkers of cartilage and bone degradation, as well as inflammation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data are shown as mean percentage change from baseline (%CfB) at week 8 and week 26 and are represented as mean ± 95% CI (A) C-terminal telopeptide I [CTX-I]; (B) hyaluronic acid [HA]; (C) tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 [TIMP-1]; (D) fragment of type III collagen released by MMP [C3M]; (E) type II collagen cleavage product [C2C]; (F) released N-terminal pro-peptide of type II collagen [Pro-C2]. Outlier analysis was performed on all %CfB data. Data analyzed by a two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s post-test and multiple comparisons comparing PPS and placebo at all timepoints. The n for each group and timepoint corresponds to valid biomarker measurements.