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Optimized steam boiler for soil steam disinfection: Structural design, CFD simulation, and field application

Fig 17

Structure of the needle.

(a) Single-layer needle; (b) Double-layer needle; (c) A-A direction, B-B direction, C-C direction. 1. steam piping 2. needle base 3. sealing gasket 4. spacer 5. conical tip 6. steam outlet 7. needle tube.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0340080.g017