The impact of wide step width on lower limb coordination and its variability in individuals with flat feet
Fig 3
The correlation between the phase angle in each quadrant and the relative motion of distal and proximal joints is as follows: A coupling angle of 0° or 180° signifies movement in the distal joint without any movement in the proximal joint.
Conversely, a coupling angle of 90° or 270° reflects motion in the proximal joint while the distal joint remains still. Additionally, vector angles of 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315° represent equal relative motion in both the proximal and distal joints.