Pharmacokinetic profile of injectable tramadol in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) and prediction of its analgesic efficacy
Fig 3
Median (with error) semi-log tramadol plasma concentration versus time when administered at 2 mg/kg, s.c. (n = 2) and 4 mg/kg, s.c. (n = 4).
Dotted line signifies tramadol minimally effective plasma concentration of 100 ng/mL [24]. The graph of the 4 mg/kg tramadol dose dips slightly below the 2 mg/kg tramadol dose–this may be due to individual variability between koalas. The tramadol concentrations of the 4 mg/kg tramadol dose at not provided at 12 h as they are below the LLOQ = 15.63 ng/mL.