Enzymatically polymerised polyphenols prepared from various precursors potentiate antigen-specific immune responses in both mucosal and systemic compartments in mice
Fig 2
Enzymatically polymerised polyphenols promote antigen-specific mucosal antibody responses.
Female BALB/cCrSlc mice were immunised three times intranasally (days 0, 7, and 14) with vehicle (PBS), OVA (2.5 μg/mouse) alone, OVA (2.5 μg/mouse) plus pCA (100 μg/mouse), OVA (2.5 μg/mouse) plus pFA (100 μg/mouse), or OVA (2.5 μg/mouse) plus pCoA (100 μg/mouse). OVA-specific IgA endpoint titres in nasal wash, BALF, and vaginal wash as well as OVA-specific IgG endpoint titres in BALF at day 21 were detected by ELISA. The data were obtained from three biologically independent experiments. PBS, n = 9; OVA, n = 9; OVA plus pCA, n = 9; OVA plus pFA, n = 9; OVA plus pCoA, n = 9. The box-plot shows the median value with the 25th–75th percentiles and the error bars indicate the 5th–95th percentiles. Significance was calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test: *p < 0.05.