Bone marrow stromal cells induce an ALDH+ stem cell-like phenotype and enhance therapy resistance in AML through a TGF-β-p38-ALDH2 pathway
Fig 5
p38 MAPK inhibitor decreases ALDH2 expression in AML cells in the presence of TGF-β1 or stromal cells.
(A). OCI-AML3 cells were treated with the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB-23580 (5 μM) in the presence or absence of recombinant TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL). ALDH activity was measured by flow cytometry using ALDEFLUOR® assay in comparison to untreated controls. (B) OCI-AML3 cells were cultured with or without BM-MSCs and treated with p38 MAPK as in A. ALDH activity was measured in treated cells in comparison with untreated controls. Data are plotted as mean values with error bars representing standard error via one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD post-hoc test (N = 3).