Learning from urban form to predict building heights
Fig 2
Illustrations of the urban form features used.
(A) Individual building footprint geometries. The convexity values of buildings’ footprint polygon are displayed in the legend. Convexity ranges between 0 and 1. (B) Block of adjacent buildings. The block in which a building of interest is located is depicted in dark blue. (C) Street-based block, in green, surrounding a building of interest. (D) Buildings within a circular buffer of 50, 200 and 500 m around a building of interest. (E) Streets within a circular buffer of 50, 200 and 500 m around a building of interest. (F) Betweeness centrality shows main streets and secondary streets. We use as features for example the betweeness centrality of the closest street, or the average within a buffer. (G) Closeness centrality shows where streets are converging. Both centrality measures give information on the structure of the city and relative position of a street in the city street network.