Calcium dobesilate reduces VEGF signaling by interfering with heparan sulfate binding site and protects from vascular complications in diabetic mice
Fig 4
CaD prevents the decrease in tight junction protein levels and the increase in HUVECs permeability induced by VEGF165.
CaD at 50 and 100 μM was incubated with VEGF (25 ng/mL) for 60 min before exposure to HUVECs for 2 h. Tight junction protein levels were determined by Western blotting (A), immunofluorescence (B) and endothelial cells permeability was by FITC-Dextran assay (C) as described in material and methods section. Representative images are shown and each bar indicates the relative expression to that of control or VEGF165 alone. Scale bars represent 25 μm and the average of three independent experiments ± SD. *P<0.05, ***P<0.001.