Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition—Empirical results
Fig 5
Consecutive stages of path selection by participants during experiment 4.
Views from a thermal camera. Fig 5 A: First participants leave the bus (t = 8s). A collision occurs between participants in front of the bus. Fig 5 B: Different evacuation path selection between small groups from front and rear door at the beginning (t = 10s). Fig 5 C: In a latter part of experiment, most of the evacuees form an organized group, and head together to the same exit. (t = 24s). Fig 5 D: When last persons leave the bus, the evacuees outflow from bus decreased (t = 41s), as a result groups of pedestrians again choose different evacuation routes.