Cumulative effects of prenatal-exposure to exogenous chemicals and psychosocial stress on fetal growth: Systematic-review of the human and animal evidence
Fig 6
Meta-analysis of the effect of the low SES and smoking in high and low SES groups on odds of low birth weight (LBW) in humans.
(A) The effects of low SES alone (high stress; green squares) or smoking in high SES (low stress; blue triangles) and low SES groups (high stress; red diamond) are shown for each of four studies and their pooled random-effects estimate at the bottom of the figure; horizontal error bars represent 95% CI, symbol sizes represents the log of the precision of the estimate (i.e. weight in the meta-analysis). (B) the random-effects pooled interaction effect between low and high SES in smokers and non-smokers. Vertical error bars represent 95% CI and the horizontal grey bar represent the line of no effect.