Pharmacological Mechanisms of Cortical Enhancement Induced by the Repetitive Pairing of Visual/Cholinergic Stimulation
Fig 2
Effects of repetitive Visual/cholinergic stimulation (VS/HDB) on VEP amplitudes.
A) Basal VEPs in response to 30°, 45° and 60° stimuli orientation recorded prior to any experimental procedure. There were no differences in VEP amplitudes between the orientations, which were subsequently pooled into the X° and X+90° groups. B) VEP amplitudes from the sham (grey screen/no HDB stimulation) animals in response to different orientations and spatial frequencies. There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-training values. C) VEP amplitudes in the repetitive VS/HDB stimulation (training) animals in response to different orientations and spatial frequencies. Visual/cholinergic training induced increases in VEP amplitudes in response to the exposure of the stimulus (0.12 CPD) and higher spatial frequency stimuli (0.3 CPD). D) VEP amplitude difference (post training—pre training) for X°-0.12 CPD (left) and 0.3 CPD (right). VEP difference of VS/HDB was significantly enhanced compared to sham and VS group. (*, ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey, p < 0.05). VS/HDB = sinusoidal grating screen with HDB stimulation, VS = sinusoidal grating screen without HDB stimulation, and Sham = grey screen without HDB stimulation. The error bars represent the average deviation.