Polyploidisation and Geographic Differentiation Drive Diversification in a European High Mountain Plant Group (Doronicum clusii Aggregate, Asteraceae)
Fig 4
Structure of AFLP variation in the Doronicum clusii aggregate.
(a) NeighborNet of the complete AFLP data set including the outgroup D. grandiflorum; splits with weight < 0.001 were omitted to aid legibility; numbers represent bootstrap values above 50% given for major groups only. (b) Non-metric multidimensional scaling of Jaccard distances using Gaussian clustering with Prabclus; only two of three dimensions are shown. The symbols represent Prabclus-groups (circles: D. clusii s.s.; squares: D. stiriacum; triangles pointing upwards: D. glaciale subsp. calcareum; triangles pointing downwards: D. glaciale subsp. glaciale; D. × bauhini was not included), the colours denote taxa as in Fig. 1; the arrows indicate two individuals of D. glaciale subsp. calcareum from population 5 that are assigned to D. glaciale subsp. glaciale. (c) Estimated population structure among D. glaciale subsp. calcareum (pops. 1–5), D. glaciale subsp. glaciale (pops. 11–24) and morphological intermediates (pops. 6–10) inferred from Bayesian clustering with STRUCTURE at K = 2. Each individual is represented by a vertical bar, black lines separate populations, and population numbers (as in Table 2) are given from west to east; the coloured bar above the barplots represents morphologically defined taxa as in Fig. 1.