Soluble Heparan Sulfate Fragments Generated by Heparanase Trigger the Release of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines through TLR-4
Figure 8
HPSE-treated cells exhibit NF-κB pathway activation.
SV40T immortalised MEFS infected with pTRH1-NF-κB-GFP were treated with HPSE (10 µg/mL) or LPS (100 nM) for the indicated time and analysed by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. (A) Representative overlaid histograms of HPSE treated cells for 0 h (grey-filled curve), 1 h (empty black line), 2 h (dotted line) and 3 h (dashed lines). (B) MFI calculated from the histograms. Data represent the mean ±SEM (n = 6). * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.001; unpaired, two-tailed Student's t-test.