Metformin Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest Mediated by Oxidative Stress, AMPK and FOXO3a in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Figure 5
Metformin induced cell apoptosis associated with FOXO3a.
(A) Real Time PCR ratio analysis of mRNA levels of FOXO3a after treatment with metformin (10 mM) for 48 and 72 hours in MCF-7 cells. (B) Western blot of p-FOXO3a (Ser 253), p-FOXO3a (Ser 413), FOXO3a and β-actin from MCF-7 cells after treatment with metformin (10 mM) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. (C) Western blot ratio analysis of p-FOXO3a (Ser 253) and FOXO3a, (D) p-FOXO3a (Ser 413) and FOXO3a, and (E) FOXO3a and β-actin. (F) Real Time PCR analysis of mRNA levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1 gene), and (G) p27 (CDKN1B gene), after treatment with metformin (10 mM) for 48 and 72 hours. * p<0.05 vs. control; ** p<0.001 vs. control and *** p<0.0001 vs. control.