Adverse Effects from Clenbuterol and Ractopamine on Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the Underlying Mechanism
Figure 5
Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on toxicity from clentuberol or ractopamine in C. elegans.
(A) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on growth in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Twenty nematodes were examined per treatment. (B) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on brood size in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Twenty nematodes were examined per treatment. (C) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on locomotion behavior in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Fifty nematodes were examined per treatment. (D) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on intestinal autofluorescence in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Twenty nematodes were examined per treatment. (E) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on intestinal ROS production in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Twenty nematodes were examined per treatment. (F) Effects of overexpression of sod-2 gene on lifespan in clentuberol or ractopamine exposed nematodes. Thirty nematodes were examined per treatment. Exposures were performed from L1-larvae to adult (prolonged exposure) at the concentration of 10 µg/L. Bars represent mean ± S.E.M. **P<0.01.