Novel Histopathological and Molecular Effects of Natural Compound Pellitorine on Larval Midgut Epithelium and Anal Gills of Aedes aegypti
Figure 5
Confocal laser scanning micrograph histology observations by immunostaining.
(A1–3) Anterior midgut region of the control larvae showed well-developed cardial nerves and subpopulation of neuron ends in rich neuropils. (A4–6) Cardial nerves in thorax and anterior midgut regions of larvae treated with 5 mg/l alkaloid pellitorine showed disappearance of neural processes. (B1–3) In posterior midgut region, neuronal cells and processes near the epithelial layer of the posterior midgut region were present. (B4–6) Posterior midgut region in the pellitorine-treated larvae also showed the lack of cells in the epithelial layers. (C1–3) Anal gill region of the control larval mosquito showed well-developed neurons elongated throughout large swelling anal gill cells. (C4–6) Neurons were damaged and disappeared in treated larvae. Arrowheads shown in (A) represent cardial nerves, gastric caeca, and neural processes. Arrowheads in (B) represent neuronal cells in epithelial layers of the gut. Arrowheads in (C) indicate neuronal elongation and branches to anal gills. Scale bars depict 40 µm.