13-Methyltetradecanoic Acid Exhibits Anti-Tumor Activity on T-Cell Lymphomas In Vitro and In Vivo by Down-Regulating p-AKT and Activating Caspase-3
Figure 3
13-MTD induces apoptosis, pro-caspase-3 and PARP cleavage in T-NHL cells.
Apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI staining, and caspase-3 and PARP were detected by Western blot analysis. (NC, negative control) (A) 13-MTD induced apoptosis in Jurkat, Hut78, and EL4 cells after 48 h of 13-MTD treatment at different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 µg/ml). The number of apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner. Values represent the means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments. (B) 13-MTD induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells at different incubation time points (24, 48, 72 h). Values represent the means ± SD of three independent experiments. (C) Jurkat, EL4 and Hut78 cells were incubated with 13-MTD or solvent control at 60 µg/ml for the indicated time periods. Each sample was stained with Annexin V/PI and analyzed by flow cytometry. The ratio of cells is shown in each quadrant. The percentage written behind the braces refers to the ratio of apoptosis cells in each sample. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments. (D) Jurkat,EL4 and Hut78 cells were treated with 60 µg/ml 13-MTD or solvent control for 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. Cells were then collected, lysed and subjected to western blot analysis with PARP and caspase-3 antibodies that can detect cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. GAPDH was used as a loading control. All data are derived from three individual experiments with triplicate wells.