Salinomycin Induces Autophagy in Colon and Breast Cancer Cells with Concomitant Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species
Figure 7
Activation of the JNK pathway by salinomycin.
(A) Exposure to 2.5 µM salinomycin induced the expression and activation of JNK, as well as its target JUN in MCF-7 cells. (B) Increased JNK kinase activity after salinomycin treatment in MCF-7. The JNK kinase assay was carried out after treatment with 2.5 µM salinomycin for the indicated durations; recombinant JUN was used as the substrate. (C) Densitometric analysis of the kinase assay. The difference to the untreated control is significant for the 16 hour time point (*: p<0.05). Error bars: standard deviation of three experiments. (D) Measurement by ELISA of JNK-phosphorylation after treatment of MCF-7 with 2.5 µM salinomycin, compared to medium control. Cells were pre-treated with 0.25 mg/ml catalase or medium control for 3 hours. Combined results from 2 independent experiments are shown (*: p<0.05).