Cysteamine Suppresses Invasion, Metastasis and Prolongs Survival by Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinases in a Mouse Model of Human Pancreatic Cancer
Figure 1
Cysteamine inhibited cell migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines.
A. For the matrigel invasion assay, cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of cysteamine in the matrigel chamber for 24 hours. The number of invaded cells on the opposite side of the membrane was counted. B and C. Wound healing assay. Cells were cultured until confluent and scratched using a sterilized yellow tip. They were incubated for 24 hours with 0–5 mM of cysteamine and the area of the wound between cell layers was measured. The black horizontal lines in figure (vehicle) depict the area at time 0 when wound was made and indicate the area of the wound when cells were scratched (B). D. For cell viability assay, pancreatic cancer cells were incubated with various concentrations of cysteamine and live cell number was counted at 24 and 48 hours. Data are expressed as mean ± S.D. of triplicate determinations. Statistical significances are shown by †: P<0.01 and ‡: P<0.001.