Leaf Morphology, Taxonomy and Geometric Morphometrics: A Simplified Protocol for Beginners
Figure 4
Shape variation after averaging leaves within trees.
Scatterplots of PC1 vs PC2, which together explain 74.2% of variance. Shapes are visualized for the positive extremes of these axes using outline drawings; there is no magnification and square/diamond symbols are used show the positions of visualized shapes in the PCA scatterplot.