A Systematic Review of Research on the Meaning, Ethics and Practices of Authorship across Scholarly Disciplines
Figure 4
Forest plot of reported rates of problems with or misuse of authorship in self- or non-self reports in 12 survey studies from USA, UK or international journals [31], [41], [46], [50], [78], [85], [109], [126].
The area of a square represent sample size, horizontal lines are 95% confidence interval, diamond and vertical dotted line show the pooled weighted estimate.