α-Hydroxybutyrate Is an Early Biomarker of Insulin Resistance and Glucose Intolerance in a Nondiabetic Population
Figure 5
Biochemicals showing significant change in subjects with IR and/or dysglycemia.
A heat map graphical representation of p-values obtained from statistical analysis of the global biochemical profiling of metabolites measured in plasma collected from NGT-IS, NGT-IR, IGT, and IFG subjects. t-tests were performed to determine those metabolites that significantly increase or decrease in insulin resistant (IR) and dysglycemic individuals (IGT, IFG). Highlighted from the main heat map include an organic acid, α-HB, the top-ranked biochemical for separating NGT-IS from NGT-IR and NGT-IS from IGT; a cluster of long-chain fatty acids such as palmitate that are pronounced when comparing NGT-IS to IGT; and acyl-carnitines and acylglycerophosphocholines that distinguish NGT-IR and IGT from NGT-IS. The color coding used, from white to dark blue, indicate the most significant to least significant, respectively, with white, most statistically significant (p≤1.0E-16); light blue (1.0E-16≤p≤0.001), royal blue (0.001≤p≤0.01), and dark blue, not significant (p≥0.1).