Effect of Heterogeneous Mixing and Vaccination on the Dynamics of Anthelmintic Resistance: A Nested Model
Figure 4
Impact of multi-target vaccines.
Vaccines simultaneously reducing fecundity (VR) and susceptibility (VS) (panels A–B) or fecundity, susceptibility, and parasite life-span (VM) (panels C–D) have the greatest potential. In this example, it is assumed that the vaccine reduces by the same proportion female worm fecundity, host susceptibility, and parasite lifespan. A and C refer to recessive alleles, B and D refer to dominant alleles.