High-risk food recalls in the United States: Temporal trends and structural characteristics based on FDA enforcement data, 2012–2024

• Huiling Chen ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Huiling Chen, Zhichun Xue

  Roles Data curation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliations College of Marine Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China, Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde, China

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• Zhichun Xue ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Huiling Chen, Zhichun Xue

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningde Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China

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• Zhaohan Sun,

  Roles Data curation, Visualization

  Affiliation Ningde Yiye Marine Industry Development Co., Ltd., Ningde, China

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• Jia Chen,

  Roles Data curation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Ningde Yiye Marine Industry Development Co., Ltd., Ningde, China

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• Qing Xue ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kunhuanghang2025@163.com (KH); qingxue352100@163.com (QX)

  Affiliation Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningde Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China

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• Kunhuang Han

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kunhuanghang2025@163.com (KH); qingxue352100@163.com (QX)

  Affiliations College of Marine Sciences, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China, Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing, Ningde, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0562-7388

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