Association of mainly vegetarian and vegan diets with loneliness, social isolation and social withdrawal in a German population survey

• André Hajek ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: a.hajek@uke.de

  Affiliation Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-2745

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• Razak M. Gyasi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya, National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia

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• Supa Pengpid,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-8869

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• Karl Peltzer,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

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• Karel Kostev,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7227

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• Pinar Soysal,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6042-1718

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• Ashwin Kotwal,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Geriatrics, Palliative, and Extended Care Service Line, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Lee Smith,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey

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• Dong Keon Yon,

  Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

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• Hans-Helmut König

  Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany

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