A 4D hyperchaotic image encryption scheme using Circular Radius–Angle Transformation and bit-level permutation

• Mohammed Abdullah Khalaf ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: mohammed.a.khalaf@src.edu.iq

  Affiliations Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, Scientific Research Commission, Baghdad, Iraq

  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9276-4409

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• Usman Ullah Sheikh,

  Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

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• Shahidatul Sadiah Binti Abdul Manan,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

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• Sabah Fadhel Hamood,

  Roles Validation

  Affiliation Middle Technical University- Technical Institute Balad, Salah Al-Din, Iraq

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• Najamuddin

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

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