Cacao in the Mississippian World: Archaeogenomic evidence for T. cacao consumption at the Etowah Site, Georgia

Adam King; Terry G. Powis; Xavier Argout; Hélène Vignes; Jose Utge; Bénédicte Rhoné; Olivier Fouet; Nilesh W. Gaikwad; Claire Lanaud

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0353607

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Cacao in the Mississippian World: Archaeogenomic evidence for T. cacao consumption at the Etowah Site, Georgia

Adam King ,

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: aking@sc.edu

Affiliation University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-2453

⨯
Terry G. Powis,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kennesaw State University, Department of Geography and Anthropology, Kennesaw, Georgia, United States of America
⨯
Xavier Argout,

Roles Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France, AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
⨯
Hélène Vignes,

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

Affiliations CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France, AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
⨯
Jose Utge,

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation UMR 7206 Eco-anthropologie, Département Homme et Environnement, MNHN-CNRS-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
⨯
Bénédicte Rhoné,

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliations CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France, AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
⨯
Olivier Fouet,

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

Affiliations CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France, AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
⨯
Nilesh W. Gaikwad,

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Gaikwad Steroidomics, LLC., Davis, California, United States of America
⨯
Claire Lanaud

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations CIRAD, AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France, AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
⨯

Cacao in the Mississippian World: Archaeogenomic evidence for T. cacao consumption at the Etowah Site, Georgia

Adam King,
Terry G. Powis,
Xavier Argout,
Hélène Vignes,
Jose Utge,
Bénédicte Rhoné,
Olivier Fouet,
Nilesh W. Gaikwad,
Claire Lanaud

Published: August 26, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353607

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