Exposure route mediates toxicological effects of sulphur and fluxapyroxad fungicides in a non-target butterfly

Mine Yilmazer; Marie Bakenecker; Roland Busch; Farina Fuchs; Anna Hitzler; Klaus Fischer

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0353528

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Exposure route mediates toxicological effects of sulphur and fluxapyroxad fungicides in a non-target butterfly

Mine Yilmazer ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: myilmazer@uni-koblenz.de

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2819-1623

⨯
Marie Bakenecker ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany
⨯
Roland Busch ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany
⨯
Farina Fuchs ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany
⨯
Anna Hitzler ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany
⨯
Klaus Fischer

Contributed equally to this work with: Mine Yilmazer, Marie Bakenecker, Roland Busch, Farina Fuchs, Anna Hitzler, Klaus Fischer

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz, Universitätsstraße 1, Koblenz, Germany

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-246X

⨯

Exposure route mediates toxicological effects of sulphur and fluxapyroxad fungicides in a non-target butterfly

Mine Yilmazer,
Marie Bakenecker,
Roland Busch,
Farina Fuchs,
Anna Hitzler,
Klaus Fischer

Published: July 9, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353528

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Fungicides
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Larvae
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Leaves
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Insects
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Sulfur
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Moths and butterflies
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Brassica
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Death rates
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