The burden and epidemiology of orofacial clefts in Iran from 1990 to 2023: a Global Burden of Disease study with subnational socio-demographic index analysis

Reza Sharifi; Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi; Farnoosh Mohammadi; Mohammad Javad Kharazifard; Zeinab Bakhtiari

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0352804

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

The burden and epidemiology of orofacial clefts in Iran from 1990 to 2023: a Global Burden of Disease study with subnational socio-demographic index analysis

Reza Sharifi,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⨯
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, Knowledge Hub for Migrant and Refugee Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8692-9720

⨯
Farnoosh Mohammadi,

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⨯
Mohammad Javad Kharazifard,

Roles Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
⨯
Zeinab Bakhtiari

Roles Conceptualization, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

^* Bakhtiari_zeinab@yahoo.com

Affiliation Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-390X

⨯

The burden and epidemiology of orofacial clefts in Iran from 1990 to 2023: a Global Burden of Disease study with subnational socio-demographic index analysis

Reza Sharifi,
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi,
Farnoosh Mohammadi,
Mohammad Javad Kharazifard,
Zeinab Bakhtiari

Published: July 8, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0352804

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Cleft lip and palate
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