Non-concussive head impacts sustained during American football correlate with changes in gut microbiome diversity and composition

• Zachary J. Pelland ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zachary J. Pelland, Aziz Zafar

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current Address: UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

  Affiliation Program in Neuroscience, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1094-324X

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• Aziz Zafar ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zachary J. Pelland, Aziz Zafar

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current Address: Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America

  Affiliations Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America, Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America

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• Ahmet A. Ay ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: aay@colgate.edu (AAY); kbelanger@colgate.edu (KDB)

  Affiliations Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America, Department of Mathematics, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America

  ⨯
• Kenneth Douglas Belanger

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: aay@colgate.edu (AAY); kbelanger@colgate.edu (KDB)

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7181-0188

  ⨯