Factor structure and psychometric properties of an adapted HIV stigma tool for measuring disability-related stigma among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya – Findings from a cross-sectional study

Anita Jeyam; Elena Schmidt; Stevens Bechange; Stephen Pye; George Okello; Sheru Muuo; Moses Chege; Emma Jolley

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0345597

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Factor structure and psychometric properties of an adapted HIV stigma tool for measuring disability-related stigma among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya – Findings from a cross-sectional study

Anita Jeyam ,

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: ajeyam@sightsavers.org

Affiliation Sightsavers United Kingdom, Haywards Heath, United Kingdom

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-0233

⨯
Elena Schmidt,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers United Kingdom, Haywards Heath, United Kingdom
⨯
Stevens Bechange,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1125-9993

⨯
Stephen Pye,

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers United Kingdom, Haywards Heath, United Kingdom
⨯
George Okello,

Roles Conceptualization, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
⨯
Sheru Muuo,

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-6600

⨯
Moses Chege,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
⨯
Emma Jolley

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Sightsavers United Kingdom, Haywards Heath, United Kingdom

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-3454

⨯

Factor structure and psychometric properties of an adapted HIV stigma tool for measuring disability-related stigma among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya – Findings from a cross-sectional study

Anita Jeyam,
Elena Schmidt,
Stevens Bechange,
Stephen Pye,
George Okello,
Sheru Muuo,
Moses Chege,
Emma Jolley

Published: March 26, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0345597

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Disabilities
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Measurement
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Factor analysis
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Psychological attitudes
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HIV
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Social discrimination
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Finance
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