Chronic absenteeism in Canadian kindergarten classes, pre- and post-COVID-19, and its association with concurrent developmental vulnerability

• Caroline Reid-Westoby ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Caroline Reid-Westoby, Eric Duku

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: reidwc@mcmaster.ca

  Affiliation Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2419-7253

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• Eric Duku ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Caroline Reid-Westoby, Eric Duku

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Ashley Gaskin ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

  ⨯
• Magdalena Janus

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

  ¶‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9500-6776

  ⨯