Deep learning–driven image captioning: Progress through transformers and large language models

• Priyanka Panchal,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Information Technology, Madhuben and Bhanubhai Patel Institute of Technology, The Charutar Vidya Mandal (CVM) University, New Vallabh Vidya Nagar, Gujarat, India

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• Vishal Polara,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Computer Engineering-AI and BD, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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• Siddaraj U ,

  Roles Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: siddaraj.u@manipal.edu

  Affiliation Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-3388

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• Abdullah Baz,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Department of Computer and Network Engineering, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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• Shobhit K. Patel

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Computer Engineering-AI and BD, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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