The abilities in dog pain sign recognition as assessed by presenting seventeen listed dog behavioural signs and three case descriptions to dog owners and non-dog owners

• Silvia M. A. Gardeweg,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Animals in Science and Society, Animal Behaviour Group, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-0712

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• Dionne E. Picard,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Animals in Science and Society, Animal Behaviour Group, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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• Ineke R. van Herwijnen

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: i.r.vanherwijnen@uu.nl

  Affiliation Animals in Science and Society, Animal Behaviour Group, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-8089

  ⨯