Psychophysiological effects of traditional cycling, virtual reality-enhanced cycling, and passive virtual reality exposure in young adults: A controlled within-subject study

• Saad A. Alhammad ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: shammad@ksu.edu.sa

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9591-5649

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• Abdulmajeed Y. Alhozaimi,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Abdulrahman A. Kateeb,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

  https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2875-406X

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• Abdulrhman S. Alghamdi,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6413-5746

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• Maha F. Algabbani,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Fahad S. Algarni,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Mohammed Alrashidi,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia

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• Mohammed A. Almeshari,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-9491

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• Ayedh Alahmari,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Shahad M. Almohsen,

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Khalid S. Alwadeai

  Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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