A robust deep learning approach for impulse noise filtering using hybrid auto-encoder with fuzzy median filter

Muhammad Naeem; Sohail Masood Bhatti; Muhammad Rashid; Arfan Jaffar; Sheeraz Akram; Benish Fida; Awais Ahmad

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0343141

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

A robust deep learning approach for impulse noise filtering using hybrid auto-encoder with fuzzy median filter

Muhammad Naeem,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, The Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan, Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research (IDVCR), Lahore, Pakistan

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-2639

⨯
Sohail Masood Bhatti,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Supervision

Affiliations Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, The Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan, Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research (IDVCR), Lahore, Pakistan
⨯
Muhammad Rashid,

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Computer Science, National University of Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2796-4594

⨯
Arfan Jaffar,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, The Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan, Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research (IDVCR), Lahore, Pakistan
⨯
Sheeraz Akram ,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: sAkram@imamu.edu.sa

Affiliation Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2321-3845

⨯
Benish Fida,

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Computer Science, National University of Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
⨯
Awais Ahmad

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
⨯

A robust deep learning approach for impulse noise filtering using hybrid auto-encoder with fuzzy median filter

Muhammad Naeem,
Sohail Masood Bhatti,
Muhammad Rashid,
Arfan Jaffar,
Sheeraz Akram,
Benish Fida,
Awais Ahmad

Published: April 3, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0343141

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