A hybrid transformer-BiLSTM model optimized with Firefly Algorithm for network traffic anomaly detection

• Debiao Luo ,

  Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: luodb@cdu.edu.cn

  Affiliation Information Network Center, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

  https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8597-0326

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• Weijie Wang,

  Roles Data curation, Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Information Network Center, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

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• Xinyue Liu,

  Roles Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Information Network Center, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

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• Wen Yang,

  Roles Writing – original draft

  Affiliation Information Network Center, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

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• Ke Hu,

  Roles Methodology

  Affiliation Information Network Center, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

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• Jia Zhang

  Roles Data curation, Methodology

  Affiliation Library, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China

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