Innate defense mechanisms against Nosema ceranae in hygienic honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies

• M. Sydney Miller ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Mary.S.Miller@uvm.edu

  Affiliation Agriculture, Landscape, and Environment Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7931-158X

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• Dawn Boncristiani ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dawn Boncristiani, Jay Evans, P. Alexander Burnham, Cailin Barrett, Samantha A. Alger

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation USDA Beltsville Honey Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America

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• Jay Evans ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dawn Boncristiani, Jay Evans, P. Alexander Burnham, Cailin Barrett, Samantha A. Alger

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation USDA Beltsville Honey Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America

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• P. Alexander Burnham ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dawn Boncristiani, Jay Evans, P. Alexander Burnham, Cailin Barrett, Samantha A. Alger

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Agriculture, Landscape, and Environment Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America, Biology Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

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• Cailin Barrett ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dawn Boncristiani, Jay Evans, P. Alexander Burnham, Cailin Barrett, Samantha A. Alger

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Agriculture, Landscape, and Environment Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

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• Kaira Wagoner,

  Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Biology Department, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America

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• Samantha A. Alger

  Contributed equally to this work with: Dawn Boncristiani, Jay Evans, P. Alexander Burnham, Cailin Barrett, Samantha A. Alger

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Agriculture, Landscape, and Environment Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America

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