Paleo-proteomic analysis of Iron Age dental calculus provides direct evidence of Scythian reliance on ruminant dairy

• Jaruschka Pecnik ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jaruschka.pecnik@uzh.ch (JP); shevan.wilkin@iem.uzh.ch (SW)

  Affiliations Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3952-5150

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• Alicia R. Ventresca Miller,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany

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• Christian Panse,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

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• Laura Kunz,

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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• Antje Dittmann,

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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• James A. Johnson,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Anthropology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America

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• Sergey Makhortykh,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

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• Ludmilla Litvinova,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

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• Svetlana Andrukh,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine

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• Gennady Toschev,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine

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• Michael Krützen,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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• Verena J. Schuenemann,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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• Shevan Wilkin

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: jaruschka.pecnik@uzh.ch (JP); shevan.wilkin@iem.uzh.ch (SW)

  Affiliations Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany, Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0797-6244

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