Towards reliable use of artificial intelligence to classify otitis media using otoscopic images: Addressing bias and improving data quality

• Yixi Xu ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yixi Xu, Al-Rahim Habib

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: yixx@microsoft.com

  Affiliation AI for Good Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0397-8832

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• Al-Rahim Habib ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Yixi Xu, Al-Rahim Habib

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Queensland Children’s Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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• Graeme Crossland,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia

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• Hemi Patel,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia

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• Chris Perry,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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• Kris Bock,

  Roles Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Azure FastTrack Engineering, Microsoft, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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• Tony Lian,

  Roles Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-0106

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• William B. Weeks,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation AI for Good Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

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• Rahul Dodhia,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation AI for Good Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

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• Juan Lavista Ferres,

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation AI for Good Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

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• Narinder Pal Singh

  Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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