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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

MSF-DETR: A small target detection algorithm for sonar images based on spatial-frequency domain collaborative feature fusion

Heng Zhao,

Roles Writing – original draft

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0953-1067

⨯
Shuping Han,

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China
⨯
Jiaying Geng ,

Roles Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: zhao107932218@126.com

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China
⨯
Yubo Han,

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China
⨯
Shuyang Jia,

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China
⨯
Ke Li

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Naval Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China
⨯

MSF-DETR: A small target detection algorithm for sonar images based on spatial-frequency domain collaborative feature fusion

Heng Zhao,
Shuping Han,
Jiaying Geng,
Yubo Han,
Shuyang Jia,
Ke Li

x

Published: November 14, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336468

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Sonar
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Target detection
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