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Open Access
Peer-reviewed
Research Article
Class switching toward IgG4 six months after primary mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in kidney patients
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Sophie C. Frölke ,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
* E-mail: s.c.frolke@amsterdamumc.nl
Affiliations Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Kenney G. Amirkhan,
Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Nelly van der Bom-Baylon,
Roles Data curation
Affiliation Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Marit van Gils,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Mathieu Claireaux,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Suzanne E. Geerlings,
Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Amsterdam Public Health, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Amsterdam UMC, Department of Internal Medicine, Location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Rory D. de Vries,
Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Jan-Stephan F. Sanders,
Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Luuk B. Hilbrands,
Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Dimitri A. Diavatopoulos,
Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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A. Lianne Messchendorp,
Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Michiel C. van Aalderen,
Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Ester B. M. Remmerswaal,
Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization
Affiliation Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Frederike J. Bemelman
Roles Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Renal Transplant Unit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Class switching toward IgG4 six months after primary mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in kidney patients
- Sophie C. Frölke,
- Kenney G. Amirkhan,
- Nelly van der Bom-Baylon,
- Marit van Gils,
- Mathieu Claireaux,
- Suzanne E. Geerlings,
- Rory D. de Vries,
- Jan-Stephan F. Sanders,
- Luuk B. Hilbrands,
- Dimitri A. Diavatopoulos
- Published: March 3, 2026
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336320