Active expiration reduces hypercapnia in lung failure – results of the prospective interventional ActiveEx study and development of a prototype device for automated application

• Denis Witham ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Denis Witham, Julius Valentin Kunz, Philipp Enghard, Julija Peter

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Current address: Vivantes Klinikum am Urban, Department of Cardiology, Diabetology, and Medical Intensive Care, Berlin, Germany

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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• Julius Valentin Kunz ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Denis Witham, Julius Valentin Kunz, Philipp Enghard, Julija Peter

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8884-3879

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• Ann-Christin Krebs,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Technical University of Berlin – Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Technical Acoustics of the Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0827-8573

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• Karoline Brückner,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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• Roland Körner,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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• Mareen Pigorsch,

  Roles Formal analysis, Visualization

  Affiliations Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, 10117 Berlin, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5616-7748

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• Kai-Uwe Eckardt,

  Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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• Paul Uwe Thamsen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Technical University of Berlin – Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Technical Acoustics of the Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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• Philipp Enghard ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Denis Witham, Julius Valentin Kunz, Philipp Enghard, Julija Peter

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: Philipp.Enghard@charite.de

  Affiliation Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, 10117 Berlin, Germany

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• Julija Peter

  Contributed equally to this work with: Denis Witham, Julius Valentin Kunz, Philipp Enghard, Julija Peter

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Technical University of Berlin – Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Technical Acoustics of the Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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