Structural and evolutionary constraints shape adaptive landscapes of immune-related genes across mammalian phylogeny

• Zhengtian Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zhengtian Li, Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: lizhengtian@mail.qjnu.edu.cn (ZL); ishfaq.ahmad@iub.edu.pk (HIA)

  Affiliation College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Yunnan, 655011, China

  ⨯
• Mubbashar Hassan,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Sciences, Theriogenology Section, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Zhengtian Li, Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: lizhengtian@mail.qjnu.edu.cn (ZL); ishfaq.ahmad@iub.edu.pk (HIA)

  Affiliation Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7512-3254

  ⨯
• Muhammad Adnan Ashraf,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-5746

  ⨯
• Akhtar Rasool Asif,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Animal Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China

  ⨯
• Iram Qadeer,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Zoology, The Govt. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Abid Hussain Shahzad,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Sciences, Theriogenology Section, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Shaista Abbas,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Basics Sciences, Physiology Section, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Muhammad Sajid,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Abdul Mateen,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Irfan Ahmed,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Jamal Muhammad,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Sayyed Aun Muhammad,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan

  ⨯
• Farid S. Ataya

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

  ⨯