Dual S-methoprene and Lysinibacillus sphaericus larvicide use leads to multiple independent, and not cross-resistance in Culex pipiens

• Kristina Lopez,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation North Shore Mosquito Abatement District, Northfield, Illinois, United States of America

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• Patrick Irwin,

  Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Northwest Mosquito Abatement District, Wheeling, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

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• Mark Tomek,

  Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Desplaines Valley Mosquito Abatement District, Lyons, Illinois, United States of America

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• Robert Holub,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Desplaines Valley Mosquito Abatement District, Lyons, Illinois, United States of America

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• Susan Paskewitz,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

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• Lyric Bartholomay,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

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• Mark Clifton

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: mclifton@nsmad.org

  Affiliation North Shore Mosquito Abatement District, Northfield, Illinois, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5639-4473

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