Iterative rolling difference-Z-score and machine learning imputation for wind turbine foundation monitoring

Renjie Li; Xiangxing Lu; Jizhang Zhao; Weibing Chen; Huanwei Wei; Cong Liu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0331213

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Iterative rolling difference-Z-score and machine learning imputation for wind turbine foundation monitoring

Renjie Li,

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition

Affiliation Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp., Ltd., Jinan, China
⨯
Xiangxing Lu,

Roles Funding acquisition

Affiliation Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp., Ltd., Jinan, China
⨯
Jizhang Zhao ,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

* E-mail: saturninasyrop6@gmail.com

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China, Key Laboratory of Building Structural Retrofitting and Underground Space Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan, China, Subway Protection Research Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1572-6158

⨯
Weibing Chen,

Roles Funding acquisition

Affiliation Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Corp., Ltd., Jinan, China
⨯
Huanwei Wei,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China, Key Laboratory of Building Structural Retrofitting and Underground Space Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan, China, Subway Protection Research Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
⨯
Cong Liu

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China, Key Laboratory of Building Structural Retrofitting and Underground Space Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jinan, China, Subway Protection Research Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
⨯

Iterative rolling difference-Z-score and machine learning imputation for wind turbine foundation monitoring

Renjie Li,
Xiangxing Lu,
Jizhang Zhao,
Weibing Chen,
Huanwei Wei,
Cong Liu

Published: September 5, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331213

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