Adjuvantation of Kyasanur Forest Disease vaccine with TLR9 agonist CpG adjuvant enhances immunological efficacy and potency of the vaccine

Chandranaik B. Marinaik; Bharath T. Lakshmikanth; Chinmayie K. Siddaramegowda; Apsana Rizwan; Amitha Reena Gomes; Keerthi Kaje; Doddamane Rathnamma; Shrikrishna Isloor; Archana M; Jagadish Hiremath; Raveendra Hegde

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0329348

Loading metrics

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Adjuvantation of Kyasanur Forest Disease vaccine with TLR9 agonist CpG adjuvant enhances immunological efficacy and potency of the vaccine

Chandranaik B. Marinaik ,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: drbmchandranaik@gamil.com

¶‡ Equal first authors on this paper.

Affiliation Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-433X

⨯
Bharath T. Lakshmikanth ,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

¶‡ Equal first authors on this paper.

Affiliations Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⨯
Chinmayie K. Siddaramegowda ,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

¶‡ Equal first authors on this paper.

Affiliations Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⨯
Apsana Rizwan,

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India
⨯
Amitha Reena Gomes,

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India
⨯
Keerthi Kaje,

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliations Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India, Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⨯
Doddamane Rathnamma,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision

Affiliation Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⨯
Shrikrishna Isloor,

Roles Data curation, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Veterinary College, KVAFSU, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3264-3874

⨯
Archana M,

Roles Resources, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India
⨯
Jagadish Hiremath,

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliation ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bangalore, India
⨯
Raveendra Hegde

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biologicals, KVAFSU, Bangalore, India
⨯

Adjuvantation of Kyasanur Forest Disease vaccine with TLR9 agonist CpG adjuvant enhances immunological efficacy and potency of the vaccine

Chandranaik B. Marinaik,
Bharath T. Lakshmikanth,
Chinmayie K. Siddaramegowda,
Apsana Rizwan,
Amitha Reena Gomes,
Keerthi Kaje,
Doddamane Rathnamma,
Shrikrishna Isloor,
Archana M,
Jagadish Hiremath

Published: July 31, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329348

Reader Comments (0)

Post a new comment on this article

Subject Areas
?

For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click here.
We want your feedback. Do these Subject Areas make sense for this article? Click the target next to the incorrect Subject Area and let us know. Thanks for your help!

Immunologic adjuvants
Is the Subject Area "Immunologic adjuvants" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Vaccines
Is the Subject Area "Vaccines" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Viral vaccines
Is the Subject Area "Viral vaccines" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Immune response
Is the Subject Area "Immune response" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Humoral immune response
Is the Subject Area "Humoral immune response" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Inoculation
Is the Subject Area "Inoculation" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Booster doses
Is the Subject Area "Booster doses" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Kyasanur Forest Disease
Is the Subject Area "Kyasanur Forest Disease" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.