Randomization in clinical trials with small sample sizes using group sequential designs

• Daniel Bodden ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: daniel.bodden@rwth-aachen.de

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Statistics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1051-5713

  ⨯
• Ralf-Dieter Hilgers,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Statistics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-1119

  ⨯
• Franz König

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Statistics, Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-3304

  ⨯